Apollo 包提供了一种代码优先的方式来构建 GraphQL API,使用装饰器定义类型、解析器、查询和变更。
安装
bash
bun add @apollo/server graphql graphql-ws配置
在应用程序中注册 GraphQL 模块:
typescript
import { Module } from "nestelia";
import { GraphQLModule } from "nestelia/apollo";
@Module({
imports: [
GraphQLModule.forRoot({
playground: true,
}),
UserModule,
],
})
class AppModule {}类型定义
对象类型
typescript
import { ObjectType, Field } from "nestelia/apollo";
@ObjectType()
class User {
@Field()
id: string;
@Field()
name: string;
@Field({ nullable: true })
email?: string;
}输入类型
typescript
import { InputType, Field } from "nestelia/apollo";
@InputType()
class CreateUserInput {
@Field()
name: string;
@Field()
email: string;
}枚举
使用 registerEnumType 注册枚举,并始终向 @Field() 传递显式的类型工厂。TypeScript 对枚举字段的 design:type 输出 String 或 Number,因此 Schema 构建器无法自动推断枚举类型。
typescript
import { registerEnumType } from "nestelia/apollo";
enum Role {
ADMIN = "ADMIN",
USER = "USER",
}
registerEnumType(Role, { name: "Role", description: "User role" });
@ObjectType()
class User {
@Field()
name: string;
// 枚举字段需要显式类型工厂
@Field(() => Role)
role: Role;
}联合类型
使用 createUnionType 实现代码优先的联合类型。resolveType 函数可以返回类型名称字符串或类构造函数。
typescript
import { createUnionType } from "nestelia/apollo";
@ObjectType()
class Cat {
@Field()
meow: string;
}
@ObjectType()
class Dog {
@Field()
bark: string;
}
const PetUnion = createUnionType({
name: "PetUnion",
types: () => [Cat, Dog] as const,
resolveType(value) {
return "meow" in value ? Cat : Dog;
},
});
@ObjectType()
class Owner {
@Field(() => PetUnion)
pet: typeof PetUnion;
}自定义标量
typescript
import { Scalar } from "nestelia/apollo";
@Scalar("DateTime")
class DateTimeScalar {
description = "ISO 8601 date-time string";
serialize(value: Date) {
return value.toISOString();
}
parseValue(value: string) {
return new Date(value);
}
}内置标量
六个开箱即用的标量,无需额外配置:
| 标量 | GraphQL 类型 | JS 类型 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|---|
GraphQLDateTime | DateTime | Date | ISO 8601 字符串 ↔ JS Date |
GraphQLJSON | JSON | any | 任意 JSON 值 |
GraphQLURL | URL | string | 经验证的 URL 字符串 |
GraphQLBigInt | BigInt | bigint | 64 位整数,序列化为字符串 |
GraphQLEmailAddress | EmailAddress | string | 经验证的电子邮件地址 |
GraphQLUUID | UUID | string | UUID,规范化为小写 |
typescript
import { GraphQLDateTime, GraphQLEmailAddress, GraphQLJSON, GraphQLUUID } from "nestelia/apollo";
@ObjectType()
class User {
@Field(() => GraphQLUUID)
id!: string;
@Field(() => GraphQLEmailAddress)
email!: string;
@Field(() => GraphQLDateTime)
createdAt!: Date;
@Field(() => GraphQLJSON, { nullable: true })
metadata?: Record<string, unknown>;
}Args 类型
@ArgsType() 将类的 @Field() 属性展开为 schema 中独立的顶级参数,无需包装输入对象。配合不带名称的 @Args() 使用:
typescript
import { ArgsType, Field, Int } from "nestelia/apollo";
@ArgsType()
class BooksArgs {
@Field(() => Int, { nullable: true, defaultValue: 0 })
offset!: number;
@Field(() => Int, { nullable: true, defaultValue: 20 })
limit!: number;
}
@Resolver(() => Book)
class BooksResolver {
@Query(() => [Book])
books(@Args() args: BooksArgs): Book[] {
return this.store.slice(args.offset, args.offset + args.limit);
}
}分页
基于偏移量
Paginated(ItemType) 创建包含 items、total、hasNextPage、hasPreviousPage 的分页响应:
typescript
import { Paginated, Int } from "nestelia/apollo";
@ObjectType()
class BooksPage extends Paginated(Book) {}
@Query(() => BooksPage)
books(@Args() args: BooksArgs): BooksPage {
const items = this.store.slice(args.offset, args.offset + args.limit);
return {
items,
total: this.store.length,
hasNextPage: args.offset + args.limit < this.store.length,
hasPreviousPage: args.offset > 0,
};
}Relay(基于游标)
typescript
import { createEdgeType, createConnectionType, PageInfo } from "nestelia/apollo";
@ObjectType()
class BookEdge extends createEdgeType(Book) {}
@ObjectType()
class BookConnection extends createConnectionType(Book, BookEdge) {}
@Query(() => BookConnection)
booksConnection(@Args("first", { type: () => Int }) first: number): BookConnection {
const edges = this.store.slice(0, first).map((book, i) => ({
node: book,
cursor: Buffer.from(String(i)).toString("base64"),
}));
return {
edges,
pageInfo: { hasNextPage: first < this.store.length, hasPreviousPage: false,
startCursor: edges[0]?.cursor, endCursor: edges.at(-1)?.cursor },
totalCount: this.store.length,
};
}解析器
使用 @Resolver() 装饰器定义 GraphQL 解析器:
typescript
import { Resolver, Query, Mutation, Args } from "nestelia/apollo";
import { Injectable, Inject } from "nestelia";
@Resolver(() => User)
@Injectable()
class UserResolver {
constructor(@Inject(UserService) private userService: UserService) {}
@Query(() => [User])
async users() {
return this.userService.findAll();
}
@Query(() => User)
async user(@Args("id") id: string) {
return this.userService.findById(id);
}
@Mutation(() => User)
async createUser(@Args("input") input: CreateUserInput) {
return this.userService.create(input);
}
}字段解析器
使用 @FieldResolver()(或别名 @ResolveField())解析嵌套字段:
typescript
import { Resolver, FieldResolver, Parent } from "nestelia/apollo";
@Resolver(() => Post)
class PostResolver {
@FieldResolver()
async author(@Parent() post: Post) {
return this.userService.findById(post.authorId);
}
}订阅
typescript
import { Resolver, Subscription } from "nestelia/apollo";
@Resolver(() => User)
class UserResolver {
@Subscription(() => User)
userCreated() {
return pubsub.asyncIterator("USER_CREATED");
}
}Context 和 Info
typescript
import { Context, Info } from "nestelia/apollo";
@Query(() => User)
async me(@Context("user") user: User, @Info() info: GraphQLResolveInfo) {
return user;
}文件上传
Nestelia 实现了 GraphQL multipart request 规范。 无需额外安装包 — GraphQLUpload 和 UploadedFile 已内置。
单文件上传
typescript
import { GraphQLUpload, type UploadedFile } from "nestelia/apollo";
@Mutation(() => UploadResult)
async uploadFile(
@Args("file", { type: () => GraphQLUpload }) file: Promise<UploadedFile>,
): Promise<UploadResult> {
const upload = await file;
// upload.filename, upload.mimetype, upload.size, upload.stream
return { filename: upload.filename, mimetype: upload.mimetype, size: upload.size };
}多文件上传
typescript
@Mutation(() => MultiUploadResult)
async uploadFiles(
@Args("files", { type: () => [GraphQLUpload] }) files: Promise<UploadedFile>[],
): Promise<MultiUploadResult> {
const uploads = await Promise.all(files);
return {
count: uploads.length,
totalSize: uploads.reduce((sum, f) => sum + f.size, 0),
};
}流式写入磁盘
typescript
import { createWriteStream } from "node:fs";
import { Writable } from "node:stream";
@Mutation(() => UploadResult)
async uploadFile(
@Args("file", { type: () => GraphQLUpload }) file: Promise<UploadedFile>,
): Promise<UploadResult> {
const upload = await file;
const dest = createWriteStream(`./uploads/${upload.filename}`);
await upload.stream.pipeTo(Writable.toWeb(dest));
return { filename: upload.filename, mimetype: upload.mimetype, size: upload.size };
}multipart 请求示例
operations: {"query":"mutation($file:Upload!){uploadFile(file:$file){filename size}}","variables":{"file":null}}
map: {"0":["variables.file"]}
0: <binary file data>UploadedFile 接口
| 属性 | 类型 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|
filename | string | 原始文件名 |
mimetype | string | MIME 类型 |
size | number | 文件大小(字节) |
stream | ReadableStream | Web Streams 可读流 |
blob() | Promise<Blob> | 读取为 Blob |
arrayBuffer() | Promise<ArrayBuffer> | 读取为 ArrayBuffer |
text() | Promise<string> | 读取为字符串 |
上传限制
通过 GraphQLModule.forRoot(或 forRootAsync)中的 upload 选项配置限制:
typescript
GraphQLModule.forRoot({
autoSchemaFile: true,
upload: {
maxFiles: 5, // 每次请求最大文件数(默认:10)
maxFileSize: 10_485_760, // 每个文件 10 MB
},
})| 选项 | 类型 | 默认值 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|---|
maxFiles | number | 10 | 每次请求的最大文件数 |
maxFileSize | number | — | 每个文件的最大字节数,不设置则无限制 |
解析器上的守卫
typescript
import { UseGuards } from "nestelia";
@Resolver(() => User)
class AdminResolver {
@Query(() => [User])
@UseGuards(AdminGuard)
async allUsers() {
return this.userService.findAll();
}
}